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High society

What to do if you, or someone close to you, has an addiction problem 

America is a nation “under the influence.” Nearly one out of four people take three or more prescription drugs on a regular basis, with antidepressants and “lifestyle” drugs leading the way. Half of 11th and 12th graders say it would be easy to buy drugs at school. We continue to seek “natural” and herbal remedies for everything from baldness and weight loss to alternative treatments for disease. But by far the preferred “drug of choice” for most Americans is alcohol—a substance so much a part of our daily lives that most of us don't even consider it a drug. Research has shown that alcohol, in moderation, may even be good for our health. It's not surprising that the line between health-enhancement and harmful addiction is becoming increasingly blurred.

Advertising, popular culture, and peer pressure serve to reinforce the myth that alcohol—and sometimes drugs—are fun, glamorous, and part of “the good life,” ignoring the ugly consequences of abuse and addiction. These range from family and workplace violence, traffic injuries, on-the-job accidents, illness and lost productivity, to degenerative diseases and premature death. A recent study named substance abuse the number one health problem in the country, resulting in more deaths, illnesses and disabilities than any other preventable health condition. 

The high cost of alcohol

Because it is legal and more widely used than any other drug, alcohol is also the most widely abused. More than 18% of Americans experience alcohol abuse or alcohol dependence at some time in their 
lives, and more than half of all adults have a family history of alcoholism or problem drinking. Six-and-a-half percent of full-time workers report heavy drinking (five or more drinks at a time on five or more days in the past month). Alcohol consumption costs U.S. companies 500 million lost workdays and over $100 billion each year.

And it's not just the person who drinks too much or uses drugs who's affected—family members, friends, co-workers and others suffer the repercussions of the user's behavior. It is estimated that for every individual with an alcohol problem, at least four other people are affected.

Alcohol abuse is not the same as alcoholism, though both can have serious medical and social consequences. Alcohol abuse is defined as the intentional overuse of alcohol, even when faced with alcohol-related job, legal, health or family problems. Alcoholism is disease involving physical and/or emotional dependence on alcohol and may cause severe symptoms during withdrawal. An alcohol abuser may be able to recognize the problem and cut back on his or her drinking to a moderate level, with sufficient motivation or with outside help. Most alcoholics should not drink at all, and often need medical or psychological treatment, counseling or support (or a combination) to learn how to stop drinking and maintain sobriety.

Take positive action

With alcohol and other drug problems, as with other illnesses, early recognition and treatment are most effective. The earlier treatment starts after the problem is recognized, the better the chances for success. The most helpful thing you can do for someone with a substance abuse problem is to be supportive in helping him or her overcome their addiction and change destructive behaviors. Be compassionate, be patient—but be willing to act. Here are some guidelines for helping a family member or a co-worker with alcohol or drug abuse: Learn as much as you can about abuse and addiction; bookstores, libraries or the Internet are good sources of information. Let the person know you are there to offer them help and support.

You have the right to tell someone how his or her behavior is affecting you. Don't ignore, cover up or make excuses for their behavior. Confront behaviors, not values.

Expect some denial, and refuse to be put on the defensive. You might offend the user when you say his or her alcohol or drug use seems extreme—but your concern might also save their job, marriage or life.

Find out about available treatment options so you can suggest specific actions. Calling their physician or medical clinic, a substance abuse specialist or Employee Assistance Program can be the first step toward getting the right help.

Remember that millions of people have been hurt by someone else's alcohol or drug abuse. If the user is a close partner or family member, you can and should get help even if the user won't. If an impaired co-worker threatens your safety, talk to your supervisor immediately.

Alcoholism and other addictions generally take a long time to develop, and recovery doesn't happen overnight, but millions of men and women have successfully overcome substance abuse. Your EAP can help you determine whether you, or someone close to you, has a drug or alcohol problem, and offer appropriate solutions.

Call your EAP at (414) 257-2124 or 1-800-236-3231.