In the middle of a rain forest in Ecuador, surrounded by rare species of birds and plants, vacationers mingle with researchers and Ecuadorians at the Maquipucuna Reserve. Most stay in the modern lodge built with all natural, local materials. They enjoy meals prepared with organic ingredients grown in the reserve and prepared by locally trained chefs.

Maquipucuna is set in a lush, tropical setting and has paid careful attention to preserving and honoring the local environment. As a result, it offers all the essentials for ecotourists—travelers who want to soak up both culture and a wide range of endangered plant and animal species, while conserving natural resources. The United Nations supports ecotourism as a concept which appeals to environmentally conscious tourists and offers opportunities to isolated communities in need of support.

"A lot of people could go and walk through a forest," says Ron Carroll, director of the Institute of Ecology at the University of Georgia, who works at the Maquipucuna Reserve on a variety of ecological projects. "Often, they'll see a lot of destruction. At our site, they see communities involved in the protection of nature."

Learning About Ecotourism

"Ecotourism aims to promote and foster a respect and an increase in awareness of other cultures and their perception of nature," says Stephen Wearing, PhD, a senior lecturer at the University of Technology in Sydney, Australia.

Ecotourism includes travel that:

• Is focused on appreciation of nature and native cultures
• Provides educational opportunities
• Minimizes the negative impact on the local natural and cultural environment
• Generates economic revenue for host communities through sustainable activities and businesses

Learning about a travel destination in advance enhances any trip, and preparation can particularly enrich ecotourism adventures. "Most sights become that little bit more interesting when you know more about them," explains Wearing, who co-authored Ecotourism: Impacts, Potentials and Possibilities.

Before leaving on an eco-focused trip, you can learn a lot about the extent of ecotourist activity at your destination, adds Mark Bonn, professor of services management at Florida State University. He suggests asking:

• Does the hotel/lodge employ sustainability practices (eg, water and energy conservation)?
• What kind of educational programs are offered to guests? Who operates them?
• What has been the most significant program developed to positively impact the local environment?
• Are native people employed? Do they give input into programs and operations?
• Are there opportunities to enjoy locally made crafts and locally grown foods?